In the ever-evolving landscape of myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs), clinicians continue to explore and refine treatment strategies to improve patient outcomes. A recent review published in Therapeutic Advances in Hematology sheds light on the pivotal role of interferons, particularly pegylated formulations, in managing MPNs effectively (2024; doi: 10.1177/20406207241229588).
The advent of pegylated interferons, including peginterferon alfa-2a and ropeginterferon alfa-2b-njft, marks a significant turning point in MPN therapeutics. These agents, renowned for their potent immunomodulatory capabilities and profound impact on disease progression, have reshaped treatment paradigms outlined in the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) Guidelines for polycythemia vera (PV), essential thrombocythemia, and primary myelofibrosis. This article delves deep into the multifaceted influence of pegylated interferons, shedding light on their efficacy, safety profiles, and future implications in MPN management.
Clinical trials, including landmark Phase II and III studies such as MPD-RC 111 and MPD-RC 112, have provided crucial insights into the efficacy of pegylated interferons. These trials meticulously assessed response rates, molecular remissions, and hematological improvements in MPN patients resistant to or intolerant of hydroxyurea. Noteworthy reductions in JAK2 V617F variant allele frequency (VAF) have underscored the molecular response achievements of pegylated interferons, highlighting their disease-modifying potential.